{"id":367,"date":"2023-05-08T11:57:46","date_gmt":"2023-05-08T11:57:46","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lingotop.com\/?p=367"},"modified":"2024-10-14T07:41:08","modified_gmt":"2024-10-14T07:41:08","slug":"passe-sette-sammen-fortid-pa-fransk","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lingotop.com\/nb\/passe-compose-past-tense-in-french","title":{"rendered":"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 (fortid p\u00e5 fransk) - B\u00f8ying, \u00f8velser og eksempler"},"content":{"rendered":"<div id=\"lingo-2122092447\" class=\"lingo-before-content-2 lingo-entity-placement\"><div class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\r\n\t<\/div><\/div><p><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span> p\u00e5 fransk tilsvarer preteritum - men nybegynnere kan <strong>bruk <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span> som fortid<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Begrunnelsen for denne anbefalingen er at det er mye enklere \u00e5 konstruere en <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span> enn \u00e5 huske alle de uregelmessige b\u00f8yningene av fortidsformen imparfait (selv om du selvf\u00f8lgelig b\u00f8r gj\u00f8re en innsats for \u00e5 l\u00e6re imparfait og andre fortidsformer n\u00e5r du er mer \u00f8vet).<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Sammensetning<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span> betyr \"sammensatt datid\", noe som passer godt med det faktum at <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span> er en sammensatt tid. Den dannes ved hjelp av presensformen (n\u00e5tid) av ett av de to hjelpeverbene <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00eatre<\/span> eller <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span> + partisipp av hovedverbet - dvs:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00eatre<\/span><\/strong> eller <strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span><\/strong> i n\u00e5tid + <strong>hovedverbets <\/strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">participe pass\u00e9 = pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Dette illustreres ogs\u00e5 i tabellene nedenfor:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Pronomen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\">\n<p>\n+<\/td>\n<td><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00eatre<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\">\n<p>\n+<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\"><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Participe pass\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Je<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">suis<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Tu<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">es<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Il\/elle\/on<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">est<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Nous<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">sommes<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00eates<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils\/elles<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">sont<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>eller<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td><strong>Pronomen<\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\">\n<p>\n+<\/td>\n<td><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\">\n<p>\n+<\/td>\n<td rowspan=\"7\"><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Participe pass\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Je<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">ai<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Tu<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">as<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Il\/elle\/on<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">a<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Nous<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avons<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avez<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils\/elles<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">ont<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Endelser av hovedverb<\/h2>\n<p>I partisipp f\u00e5r de viktigste verbene sine endelser basert p\u00e5 b\u00f8yingen:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td>&nbsp;<\/td>\n<td colspan=\"2\">Avslutning<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>B\u00f8ying<\/td>\n<td>infinitiv<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Participe pass\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>1. b\u00f8yning<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">-er<\/span><\/td>\n<td><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u2011\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>2. b\u00f8yning<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">-ir<\/span><\/td>\n<td><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u2011i<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td>3. b\u00f8yning<\/td>\n<td><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">-re<\/span><\/td>\n<td><strong><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u2011u<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p>N\u00e5r verbene b\u00f8yes i <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>er deres infinitivsendelser erstattet med endelsene til partisipp. Eksempler:<\/p>\n<ul class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">arriv<strong>er<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2192 \u00a0arriv<strong>\u00e9<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">sort<strong>ir<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2192 \u00a0sort<strong>i<\/strong><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">vend<strong>re<\/strong><\/span>\u00a0\u2192 \u00a0vend<strong>u<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Eksempler p\u00e5 <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00catre<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>I de f\u00f8lgende eksemplene, <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00eatre<\/span> er et hjelpeverb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Je <strong>suis arriv\u00e9<\/strong><\/span> = Jeg har ankommet<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Tu <strong>es tomb\u00e9<\/strong> amoureux<\/span> = Du har forelsket deg<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Il <strong>est noy\u00e9<\/strong> dans le lac<\/span> = Han har druknet i sj\u00f8en<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Elle <strong>est sorti<\/strong><\/span> = Hun har g\u00e5tt ut<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Nous <strong>sommes convaincus<\/strong><\/span> = Vi er overbevist om at<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous <strong>\u00eates parti<\/strong>(s) ?<\/span> = Har du dratt?<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils <strong>sont vaporis\u00e9s<\/strong><\/span> = De er fordampet<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Elles\u00a0<strong>sont\u00a0descendus<\/strong> de\u00a0la falaise<\/span> = De har g\u00e5tt utfor stupet<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Legg merke til at det er flertall i tre av eksemplene ovenfor. <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">(<em>convaincu<strong>s<\/strong>, fini<strong>s<\/strong><\/em><\/span> og <em><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">descendu<\/span><strong>s<\/strong><\/em>) fordi de er adressert til flere personer <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">(<em>Nous, Ils<\/em><\/span> og <em><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Elles<\/span><\/em>). I teorien kan dette ogs\u00e5 v\u00e6re tilfelle i setningen <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><em>Vous \u00eates parti<strong>s<\/strong> ?<\/em><\/span>, avhengig av om du henvender deg til en enkelt person (\"De\") eller flere personer:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous \u00eates <strong>parti<\/strong> ?<\/span>\u00a0= Har du dratt? (en person)<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous \u00eates <strong>partis<\/strong> ?<\/span> = Har de dratt? (flere personer<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Avoir<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>I de f\u00f8lgende eksemplene, <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span> er et hjelpeverb:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">J'<strong>ai<\/strong> trop <strong>mang\u00e9<\/strong><\/span> = Jeg har spist for mye<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Tu <strong>as couru<\/strong> une bonne distance<\/span> = Du har l\u00f8pt en god (lang) distanse.<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Il <strong>a saut\u00e9<\/strong><\/span> = Han har h\u00e5pet<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Elle <strong>a regrett\u00e9<\/strong> ses decisions<\/span> = Hun har angret p\u00e5 sine beslutninger<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Nous <strong>avons convaincu<\/strong> les enfants<\/span> = Vi har overbevist<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Vous <strong>avez<\/strong> trop <strong>bu<\/strong><\/span> = De har drukket for mye<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils <strong>ont termin\u00e9s<\/strong> la t\u00e2che<\/span> = Du har fullf\u00f8rt oppgaven<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Elles <strong>ont enoy\u00e9es<\/strong> les lettres<\/span> = De har sendt brevene<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Legg merke til at det ikke er noen flertall s i setningen <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><em>Nous avons convaincu les enfants<\/em><\/span> - det ville ha v\u00e6rt hvis dommen hadde v\u00e6rt det: <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\"><em>Nous les avons convaincus<\/em><\/span>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>Unntak<\/h2>\n<p>I mange tilfeller ligner de franske hjelpeverbene p\u00e5 andre spr\u00e5k - men ikke alltid:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils <strong>ont<\/strong> disparues<\/span> = De <strong>er<\/strong> forsvunnet (direkte oversettelse)<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">Ils <strong>ont<\/strong> disparues<\/span> = De <strong>har<\/strong> forsvunnet (korrekt oversatt)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I eksemplet ovenfor, <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span> brukes p\u00e5 fransk <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">(ont)<\/span> og \u00e5 v\u00e6re <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">(\u00eatre)<\/span> p\u00e5 engelsk, og hjelpeverbene er derfor forskjellige p\u00e5 de to spr\u00e5kene.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00catre<\/span> og <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span> sammen<\/h2>\n<p><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\u00catre<\/span> og <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">avoir<\/span> kan ogs\u00e5 brukes sammen for \u00e5 konstruere <span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9<\/span>:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">J'<strong>ai \u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> la en avril<\/span> = Jeg har v\u00e6rt der i april<\/li>\n<li><span class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">J'<strong>ai \u00e9t\u00e9<\/strong> en prison jusqu'\u00e0 maintenant<\/span> = Jeg har v\u00e6rt i fengsel til n\u00e5<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>10 \u00f8velser<\/h2>\n<p>Her er ti \u00f8velser for \u00e5 \u00f8ve p\u00e5 den franske tempusformen \"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\", som brukes for \u00e5 snakke om fullf\u00f8rte handlinger i fortiden. I hver \u00f8velse skal du velge riktig form av verbet i \"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9\".<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>(Manger) Hier soir, nous _____ une pizza d\u00e9licieuse.<\/li>\n<li>(Aller) Elle _____ au cin\u00e9ma la semaine derni\u00e8re.<\/li>\n<li>(\u00c9crire) Tu _____ une lettre \u00e0 ton ami hier.<\/li>\n<li>(Avoir) Ils _____ un chien quand ils \u00e9taient enfants.<\/li>\n<li>(Faire) Vous _____ du shopping samedi dernier.<\/li>\n<li>(Vendre) Le magasin _____ toutes ses robes en une journ\u00e9e.<\/li>\n<li>(Prendre) Il _____ le train pour Paris hier matin.<\/li>\n<li>(Parler) Elles _____ fran\u00e7ais lors de leur voyage en France.<\/li>\n<li>(Vivre) J'_____ dans cette ville pendant cinq ans.<\/li>\n<li>(Boire) Tu _____ un verre de jus d'orange ce matin.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Svar:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>avons mang\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>est all\u00e9e<\/li>\n<li>som skrevet<\/li>\n<li>ont eu<\/li>\n<li>avez fait<\/li>\n<li>a vendu<\/li>\n<li>et pris<\/li>\n<li>ont parl\u00e9<\/li>\n<li>ai v\u00e9cu<\/li>\n<li>som bu<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<div id=\"lingo-1557890212\" class=\"lingo-after-content-2 lingo-entity-placement\"><div class=\"not\" data-no-auto-translation=\"\">\r\n<\/div><\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 p\u00e5 fransk tilsvarer fortid - men nybegynnere kan bruke pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 som fortid. \u00c5rsaken til denne anbefalingen er at det er mye enklere \u00e5 konstruere pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 enn \u00e5 huske alle de uregelmessige b\u00f8yningene av fortidsformen imparfait (selv om det selvf\u00f8lgelig, n\u00e5r ... <a title=\"Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 (fortid p\u00e5 fransk) - B\u00f8yning, \u00f8velser og eksempler\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lingotop.com\/nb\/passe-compose-past-tense-in-french\" aria-label=\"Les mer om Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 (fortid p\u00e5 fransk) - B\u00f8yning, \u00f8velser og eksempler\">Les mer<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[23,24],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-367","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-french","category-most-read"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 (French) - Conjugation with Exercises &amp; Examples<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The French pass\u00e9 compos\u00e9 is the equivalent of the present tense in English. 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